The apache site configuration which brings ILIAS to work requires some changes to the file installed with the apache package.
So copy the default site configuration file (/etc/apache2/sites-available/default) and change settings as described below.
Insert the lines ServerName and ServerAlias to match your server's name (Lines 3,4 in the example below).
Set the DocumentRoot (line 5)
To protect some data that is stored below the document-root (e.g. user-images, html and scorm learning modules) follow the instructions from the site
Putting ... under RBAC Control
This results in the configuration lines 7 to 10 for a simple approach.
The major part of the site remains unchanged. At the bottom of this sample configuration, logs are moved to the data directory on the second hard disk to keep the system disk free of growing data.
 
When your changes are finished, save the file, e.g. as /etc/apache2/sites-available/ilias. Change your working directory to /etc/apache2/sites-enabled and set a symbolic link to the new file. The old link to the default site can be deleted.

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<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
        ServerName yourservername.yourdomain
        ServerAlias yourservername
        DocumentRoot /srv/www/ilias
 
        AliasMatch ^/data/.*/lm_data/.*$          /srv/www/ilias/Services/WebAccessChecker/web_access_checker.php
        AliasMatch ^/data/.*/mobs/.*$             /srv/www/ilias/Services/WebAccessChecker/web_access_checker.php
        # Protect user images (ILIAS 4.1.3 and higher)
        AliasMatch ^/data/.*/usr_images/.*$       /srv/www/ilias/Services/WebAccessChecker/web_access_checker.php
 
#      (...)
 
        ErrorLog /srv/iliasdata/error.log
 
        # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
        # alert, emerg.
        LogLevel warn
        CustomLog /srv/iliasdata/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Don't forget to reload the apache configuration after the changes are done.